This policy brief examines the impact of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) on the security, political, and economic landscape of Pakistan’s Balochistan province. It traces the historical roots of Baloch separatism, emphasizing longstanding grievances over political marginalization, resource exploitation, and limited economic opportunities. The brief argues that while CPEC has strengthened the strategic partnership between China and Pakistan and promises significant infrastructure and economic development, it has also intensified local tensions by increasing militarization, displacement, and perceptions of unequal distribution of benefits. Ultimately, the author concludes that without addressing the underlying causes of unrest, Chinese investment through CPEC is likely to deepen instability in Balochistan and create long-term challenges for both Pakistan’s domestic security and China’s regional strategic objectives.
